Una Revisión teórica sobre la aversión a la inequidad
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En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión teórica sobre la aversión a la inequidad. Esta es el rechazo que sienten las personas ante distribuciones de recursos injustas, la cual se puede presentar cuando la persona recibe menos de lo que considera apropiado (aversión a la inequidad en desventaja), o cuando recibe más de lo que considera apropiado (aversión a la inequidad en ventaja). Se describen las etapas del proceso que comprende componentes cognitivos, emocionales y conductuales. Se comentan las teorías principales que destacan la función que la aversión a la inequidad cumple en los seres humanos, estas son las teorías sociales y las teorías no sociales. Seguidamente se presentan los desarrollos teóricos y empíricos que dan cuenta del surgimiento temprano de la aversión a la inequidad en la niñez. Por último, se revisan los estudios que describen las bases comportamentales del constructo. Dado el rol que cumple la aversión a la inequidad en el desarrollo y evolución de las conductas cooperativas, y su función como protector de salud mental se considera menester orientar los esfuerzos al desarrollo de intervenciones promotoras de la aversión a la inequidad.
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