Transformación de la memoria: consolidación, reconsolidación y error de predicción
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El proceso de consolidación de la memoria fue tomado de la psicología para ser estudiado en el campo neurobiológico con la finalidad de dar cuenta de cómo se conserva la información en el cerebro a largo plazo. En principio, este programa de investigación se basó en la idea de que una vez adquirida una memoria, en condiciones normales, se vuelve estable y persistente. Sin embargo, una gran diversidad de estudios ha demostrado que una memoria, a pesar de su temporalidad, sigue siendo sensible a la interferencia. Más aún, la evidencia sugiere que la experiencia en curso reactiva y actualiza a la memoria. Por ello, se propuso un proceso de reconsolidación que parece depender del grado en que la información actual se desvía de lo que predice la memoria reactivada. En ese sentido, en esta revisión, se analizan los enfoques tradicionales sobre la consolidación y reconsolidación de la memoria y se ofrecen algunas ideas más recientes sobre la naturaleza de la transformación de la memoria con base en el procesamiento del error de predicción, en distintos niveles de análisis.
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