Jugar videojuegos de estrategia en tiempo real tiene efectos positivos en la memoria de trabajo
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https://doi.org/10.32654/ConCienciaEPG/Eds.especial-7Palabras clave:
memoria de trabajo, velocidad de procesamiento, videojuegos de estrategia en tiempo real, tarea n-back, entrenamiento cognitivoResumen
Los videojuegos de estrategia en tiempo real (VJ-ETR) requieren que los jugadores planeen estrategias reclutando capacidades cognitivas como atención, habilidades motoras, habilidades visuoespaciales y memoria de trabajo (MT). Ya que jugar VJ-ETR depende del mantenimiento de metas principales y submetas activas, así como de la revisión dinámica de esas metas conforme la situación lo requiere, el objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar si jugadores expertos de VJ-ETR (JExp-ETR) tienen una mayor capacidad de MT que no-jugadores (No-ETR). Para ello, comparamos el desempeño entre JExp-ETR y No-ETR en MT y velocidad de procesamiento (VP) empleando el Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) y la tarea n-back. Los resultados muestran que los JExp-ETR tienen un mayor índice de MT y una mejor precisión en el n-back que los No-ETR, principalmente en el 3-back, pero no encontramos diferencias en VP. Además, también encontramos que los JExp-ETR que juegan más horas a la semana tienen un mayor índice de MT que los JExp-ETR que juegan menos horas. Los resultados son discutidos en el marco de la capacidad de la MT, la importancia de los VJ-ETR y sus efectos en la cognición.
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